衝擊波是近年骨骼肌肉痛症界的熱話，並算是治療慢性痛症的其中一種終極手段。在現今資訊流通的世界，不少患者更主動搜尋提供衝擊波治療的診所，衝擊波的風頭可算是一時無兩。究竟它有何作用？是否所有痛症皆適合衝擊波？
衝擊波早於上世紀70年代作腎石的體外治療，其優點是不用開刀，治療過程減低了對病人的創傷，這大大加快了患者的康復。及後，衝擊波亦用於治療骨骼肌肉痛症，設備的開發更是百花齊放，現大致可分為發散式和聚焦式衝擊波兩大類，而本文將集中討論後者。
衝擊波效用
衝擊波與超聲波的本質皆是振頻，但衝擊波具更高能量及較低頻率，對皮膚肌肉等軟組織的穿透性十分強，能穿透表皮直達4至6厘米深的組織。相對於發散式衝擊波，由於聚焦式能將能量聚焦在預設的組織深度，從而減少對表皮痛覺神經的刺激及帶來的不適感。至於療效方面，衝擊波能針對反覆難癒的痛症，研究證明能促進慢性炎症或鈣化軟組織的康復，以及骨折的癒合。
衝擊波適合與否情況
即使衝擊波有不錯的治痛能力，但這絕非萬靈丹，並不是所有痛症皆適合使用，例如急性創傷炎症，當皮膚仍有熱感或明顯腫脹處已不適合衝擊波；胸腔近肺處的疼痛，衝擊波會誤傷肺氣泡組織；腫瘤引致的痛症，亦是衝擊波的禁忌症。
此外，若痛症的原因是由於姿勢及肌力失衡，即使衝擊波對患處筋腱短期有效，患者仍必須注意姿勢，及作適當的肌力訓練及拉筋，才能徹底解決身體的結構性問題。決不可視衝擊波為頭痛醫頭，腳痛醫腳之法！
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