進入秋冬後，乾燥的北風增強，早晚明顯轉涼。上下班車廂中不難發現多了人打噴嚏，或時時抹鼻涕。其實每當天氣冷熱及乾濕突然改變時，往往亦是鼻敏感好發的時節。
中醫疾病鼻鼽（音球）其實相似於西醫病名鼻敏感。古代中醫經典《素問》指出：「鼻鼽，鼻出清涕也。」「嚏，鼻中因癢而氣噴作於聲也。」無論鼻鼽或鼻敏感，皆包括突然和反覆發作的鼻塞、鼻癢、噴嚏及鼻流清涕等症狀。
現代醫學認識鼻敏感為身體的過敏反應，發作時血液免疫反應IgE水平上升，而常見致敏原包括貓或狗毛、花粉、塵埃等，有研究報告更指超過一半受敏感困擾人士，皆對蟎蟲有過敏反應。而中醫則認為鼻鼽成因以內在體質因素為主，所謂「正氣存內，邪不可干，邪之所湊，其氣必虛」，內在因素多以肺、脾及腎氣虛有關。由於肺為臟腑之華蓋，病邪侵襲人體首先必先侵襲肺臟，而肺又開竅於鼻，所以受病後往往先出現鼻部症狀。
西醫治療鼻敏感，多採用抗組織胺類的抗過敏藥物，其療效快，但副作用常見鼻咽乾燥，鼻敏感易反覆出現。而中醫治療主張急則治標，緩則治本：鼻敏感發作期間，多先解表祛風，常用中藥桂枝、辛夷花等，及針灸迎香、攢竹穴方法。症狀緩解後，則針對肺、脾及腎，平衡臟腑功能，以求根治鼻敏感。讀者可按穴以紓緩症狀，方法是用拇指頭輕按以上穴位至痠重感，達到得氣獲得通鼻竅療效，穴位位置可參考以下介紹：
迎香穴：位於面部鼻翼外緣中點處。
攢竹穴：位於面部眉頭處，觸按微有凹陷處。
引述一份香港中文大學中醫學院的臨床研究，實驗結果針灸組與無治療組在治療後有顯著差異，針灸組能有效改善鼻敏感症狀及降低IgE水平，研究推論針灸能有效改善鼻敏感症狀。
除治療外，亦建議要改善生活習慣，例如戒除生冷飲食，早晚多添衣，勿貪涼，多作帶氧運動以改善體質，對治癒鼻敏感亦相得益彰。時值將近三九天，鼻敏感患者可考慮冬至時段及夏季7至8月時的三伏天，接受天灸治療，這亦不失為治療鼻敏感的便捷方法。
撰文 : 盧文健 物理治療師、註冊中醫師
原文刊於《香港經濟日報》4/12/2019 理療感悟
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