夏季應節水果色彩繽紛奪目，種類繁多，視覺味覺享受豐富。當中的甘蔗，雖其貌不揚，但甘甜多汁，清熱生津止渴，是夏季炎熱天不錯的選擇。
回想兒時，母親總愛買甘蔗回家，好讓大家吸收水果營養，同時，兄弟姊姊們也能鍛練牙力。哥哥姊姊從不抗拒甘蔗多渣難咬部分，吃得津津有味；自己則愛捨難取易，咀嚼鮮嫩多汁部分。及至成長後，則明白進食其實可以與做人道理一樣，何不先難後易，順道磨練一下自己的意志。但假若經常咀嚼堅硬食物或過度重複開合口部，則患上牙骹痛的機會亦會大增。
牙骹關節
牙骹關節為可活動關節，關節面會隨開合口時作協調的滑動。要感受下頜關節動作，讀者可先用指頭輕按臉頰兩旁，隨口開合時兩側下頜會有順滑及左右相等的動作。假若咬肌僵硬或下頜關節活動不利，一般已可以被診斷為顳下頜關節功能障礙。
牙骹痛原因
病因除進食過硬食物，或過度反覆開合口外，下頜受傷史、磨牙、關節炎如類風濕性關節炎，甚則精神緊張經常咬緊下頜關節者，會有較高機會患上顳下頜關節功能障礙。對於較嚴重患者，病徵病狀可見面頜紅腫、開合口時響聲、頭痛、失眠及進食困難等。
牙骹痛治療
治療除服食西醫處方消炎止痛、放鬆神經、肌肉及安眠藥物外，物理治療可以處理局部炎症，同時治療師亦處方活動關節的手力治療及下頜的肌肉鍛練。
中醫推拿或針灸常用穴位有頰車、下關穴等。其功效能放鬆面頜肌肉及血管痙攣，能消除下頜關節疼痛。此外，因中醫經絡足陽明胃經及足少陽膽經循行面頜，用藥多以清瀉胃熱及清肝瀉火為主，常用夏枯草、杭菊花等中藥。
牙骹痛可涉及精神、心理、風濕科、肌肉或骨關節或牙科等多方面問題，所以無論中醫或西醫，在處理時也會考慮不同相兼症狀，以處方最適切的治療。
撰文 : 盧文健 物理治療師、註冊中醫師
欄名 : 理療感悟
閱讀更多：再談牙骹關節
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上齒好緊，口感覺到有東西係裏面郁同轉圈，食了肌肉放鬆，精神放鬆，神經放鬆藥都沒有用，究竟發生什麼問題？
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